Kuti muwonetsetse chitetezo ndi kudalirika, ndikofunikira kwambiri kusankha kalasi yoyenera ndikuyika koyenera kuti mutsimikizire chitetezo chanu pamakina.
Mitundu yayikulu ya ma bolts ndi zomangira zopangidwa ndi inchi ndi zitsulo zazitsulo zikuwonetsedwa mu tebulo 1 (onani pansipa).
Maboti achitsulo ocheperako (omwe amadziwikanso kuti giredi 2 kapena metric 5.8) amakhala ndi mphamvu zolimba pafupifupi 385 MPa. Mphamvu yaumboni ndi katundu womwe chomangira chimatha kupirira popanda kupunduka kosatha (kuwonongeka kosasinthika). Mphamvu yotsimikizika ya ma bawuti a kalasi 5 ndi 600 MPa, ndipo mphamvu yotsimikizika ya ma bawuti a kalasi 8 ndi 840 MPa. Choncho, bwino kalasi ya bawuti, ndi waukulu katundu akhoza kupirira, pokhala zotanuka. Katunduyo akachotsedwa, mabawuti apamwamba amabwerera kutalika kwawo koyambirira ndikukhalabe zotanuka, pomwe mabawuti opanda pake amatha kupanga pulasitiki ndi kutambasula kosatha.
Akatswiri ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito 60% kuwerengera mphamvu yakumeta ubweya wa bawuti, kotero ili ndi lamulo lothandiza la chala chachikulu posankha kukula koyenera ndi kalasi yamphamvu yakumeta ubweya. Ndikuganiza kuti ndizoyenera kunena kuti magalimoto ambiri osinthidwa amapangidwanso molingana ndi kukula kwa fastener, ndipo nthawi zambiri sizotetezeka, koma zimatha kupanga zinthu ngati galimoto nthawi zina. Zomangira zing'onozing'ono zimatha kupanga makina kukhala akuthwa kwambiri, koma monga momwe mmodzi wa aphunzitsi anga adanenapo, palibe mlimi amene angagule thalakitala ngati itamangidwa mpaka malire ake chifukwa imawoneka yofooka kwambiri kuti isakweze. Komabe, m'magalimoto amakono tsopano tikuwona kugwiritsa ntchito ma mounts ang'onoang'ono - ndiye zili ndi inu! Ma modifiers ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zomangira zamutu za socket zomwe zili giredi 8.
Mukasankha chomangira choyenera, kusankha kalasi kuyenera kutengera kulimba pakati pa kulimba, kulimba komanso kulimba. Mphamvu yokhazikika ndiyo mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri yazinthu zomwe chomangiracho chimapangidwa. Ductility ndi mlingo womwe chomangira chimatambasulidwa chisanalephere. Mphamvu imatanthawuza kukana kutopa komanso kukwanitsa kupirira katundu wozungulira.
Chifukwa chake, podziwa izi zokhudzana ndi zitsulo zakuthupi, zimakhala zosavuta kusankha kalasi yoyenera bawuti.
Pa bawuti yapampando, timafunikira chomangira chopindika chomwe chimatha kutambasula kwambiri chisanalephereke, pomwe kugwedezeka kwatha ndipo wokwerayo amapulumutsidwa. Momwemo, anchorages lamba wapampando ali m'kalasi yofewa ndipo sayenera kusinthidwa ndi mabawuti amphamvu kwambiri omwe amafika pachimake ndipo amalephera mwadzidzidzi. Momwemonso, zotchingira, zotchingira mapazi, zoyikira ma firewall, ndi zina zosafunikira kwambiri zosafunikira, Gulu 2 kapena zomangira zosasankhidwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ndimapeza zomangira za kalasi 5 (8.8 metric) kuti zigwirizane ndi china chilichonse pagalimoto yosinthidwa. Ali ndi kalasi ya 8 yamphamvu yama bolt koma alibe brittleness. Poyimitsidwa adzatha kupirira katundu wa cyclic, muzogwiritsira ntchito zina amapereka kumeta ubweya ndi kulimbitsa mphamvu popanda kufooka chifukwa cha ductility kapena kulimbitsa.
Pamakina ofunikira a injini monga ma cylinder head bolts ndi zida zosiyanitsira, ma bolt a kalasi 8 okhala ndi torque yoyenera kuti alowetsenso malo olumikizirana okhala ndi bawuti yochepa ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri.
Mtedza nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo chochepa kapena chochepa, chofanana ndi ma bolt a kalasi 2. Ngakhale zingawonekere zodabwitsa, kutalika ndi kapangidwe ka ulusi wa nati kumatsimikiziridwa kuti bolt ikwaniritse mphamvu zonse pansi pa katundu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati muwonjezera chomangira, nthawi zambiri mumachotsa nati poyamba, ndikusiya bawutiyo.
Mukamangitsa chomangira kuti mutsirize, mumagwiritsa ntchito chiwongolero chomwe chimatsutsana ndi katunduyo mosiyana ndikumangitsanso cholumikizira kuti chowonjezeracho chisatambasule cholumikizira ndikupangitsa kuti chituluke.
Kumangitsa koyenera kwa zomangira zonse pagalimoto ndikofunikira kwambiri, koma m'malo osafunikira, zokumana nazo ndi ma wrenches wamba zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi. Ma wrenches amapangidwira kukula kwake kokhazikika; chomangira chokulirapo, ndiye kuti wrench ikhala yotalikirapo kuti ipereke torque yolondola kuchokera ku mphamvu "zokhazikika" zaumunthu. Nonse mukukumbukira kuti wophunzira nthawi zonse amathyola zomangira za quarter-inch mpaka atadziwa kuti zomangira zing'onozing'ono ziyenera kumasulidwa.
Mtedza wa nayiloni ndiwofala kwambiri pamapangidwe a tramu kotero kuti adalowa m'malo ochapira akale akasupe. Amagwira ntchito bwino makamaka m'mapulogalamu omwe kugwedezeka kapena kusinthasintha ndikofunikira komanso komwe kukonza kumakhala kovuta. Onetsetsani kuti ulusi umodzi udutsa mu mtedza kuti mugwirizane bwino. Musagwiritse ntchito pulasitiki ya nayiloni ngati kutentha kusungunula zomangira za nayiloni, ndipo musagwiritse ntchito mopitirira muyeso mutamasula kaŵiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-03-2023